Causal Reasoning by Children and Adults about the
Trajectory, Context, and Animacy of a Moving Object

Ph.D. Dissertation, Earl M. Williams, 2000
Department of Psychology
University of California, Los Angeles


Distinguished Dissertation Awards received:

Dissertation Abstract

The following PDF files (Adobe Acrobat) are available to view, save, and/or print:

Get Acrobat Reader

(if you don't already have the free Acrobat Reader application from Adobe installed on your computer, click on the button to the right to download and install it)

You can also download and view the animation stimuli used in Experiments 1 and 2:
(18 color QuickTime movies, some with sound)

Get QuickTime

(if you don't already have the free QuickTime Player application from Apple installed on your computer, click on the button to the right to download and install it)

Practice Animations

  1. Practice1: Feather Blows (2436K)
  2. Practice2: Bird Flies (482K)

Experimental Animations

Each pair of animations shares the same Context, i.e. the same scene and visible forces (gravity and/or water). Within each pair, animations vary in either the moving object's Trajectory (path, accelerations) or the presence/absence of an additional audible Context force in the scene (wind). These variations affect the viewer's inference about the Animacy of the moving object.

Note: for details, use the links above to view the abstract or the full dissertation (Chapter 3, page 66, which is page 79 in the PDF file).

  1. Scene 1
  2. Scene 2
  3. Scene 3
  4. Scene 4
  5. Scene 5
  6. Scene 6
  7. Scene 7
  8. Scene 8

Please e-mail me if you have any comments or questions.


URL: http://ruccs.rutgers.edu/faculty/GnG/emw/index.html
Last revised: 020206 1100 EMW