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TZNAME:America/New_York EDT END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20260308T030000 RDATE:20261101T010000 TZOFFSETFROM:-0500 TZOFFSETTO:-0400 TZNAME:America/New_York EDT END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20270314T030000 RDATE:20271107T010000 TZOFFSETFROM:-0500 TZOFFSETTO:-0400 TZNAME:America/New_York EDT END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20280312T030000 RDATE:20281105T010000 TZOFFSETFROM:-0500 TZOFFSETTO:-0400 TZNAME:America/New_York EDT END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20290311T030000 RDATE:20291104T010000 TZOFFSETFROM:-0500 TZOFFSETTO:-0400 TZNAME:America/New_York EDT END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20300310T030000 RDATE:20301103T010000 TZOFFSETFROM:-0500 TZOFFSETTO:-0400 TZNAME:America/New_York EDT END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20310309T030000 RDATE:20311102T010000 TZOFFSETFROM:-0500 TZOFFSETTO:-0400 TZNAME:America/New_York EDT END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20320314T030000 RDATE:20321107T010000 TZOFFSETFROM:-0500 TZOFFSETTO:-0400 TZNAME:America/New_York EDT END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20330313T030000 RDATE:20331106T010000 TZOFFSETFROM:-0500 TZOFFSETTO:-0400 TZNAME:America/New_York EDT END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20340312T030000 RDATE:20341105T010000 TZOFFSETFROM:-0500 TZOFFSETTO:-0400 TZNAME:America/New_York EDT END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20350311T030000 RDATE:20351104T010000 TZOFFSETFROM:-0500 TZOFFSETTO:-0400 TZNAME:America/New_York EDT END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20360309T030000 RDATE:20361102T010000 TZOFFSETFROM:-0500 TZOFFSETTO:-0400 TZNAME:America/New_York EDT END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20370308T030000 RDATE:20371101T010000 TZOFFSETFROM:-0500 TZOFFSETTO:-0400 TZNAME:America/New_York EDT END:DAYLIGHT END:VTIMEZONE BEGIN:VEVENT UID:91165896c74b64c2d949a2363b573591 CATEGORIES:RuCCS Colloquia:Spring 2019 CREATED:20190114T102353 SUMMARY:"Meanings as Composable Scores", Paul Pietroski (Philosophy, Rutgers) -- (VIDEO RECORDING AVAILABLE) LOCATION:Busch Campus\, Psych 101 DESCRIPTION:Talk Recording \nNO TE: Please turn up your volume as the sound level is low.\n \nAbstractHuman children regularly acquire languages that connect meanings with pronunciat ions in distinctive ways. These meanings are often described as sets of “ex ternal things” that are independent of the mental capacities that humans em ploy in understanding linguistic expressions. For example, linguists and ph ilosophers often propose theories according to which the meaning of ‘grey r abbit’ is a certain set of rabbits, or a function that maps the relevant ra bbits to a certain truth value, or a function that maps each possible world to a function that maps the relevant rabbits at that world to a certain tr uth value. On these views—explicitly formulated in standard textbooks—the m eanings of ‘most’ and ‘jumped’ are also sets of some kind, and a sentence l ike ‘Most of the grey rabbits jumped’ is said to have a truth condition th at can be specified in terms of the rabbits and events of jumping that spea kers talk about in various ways. In the talk, I’ll discuss several reasons for rejecting such views in favor of an idea whose roots can be found in Ch omsky’s work, going back to 1957: meanings (and pronunciations) are more li ke composable instructions that can be executed by certain performance syst ems. Some of the relevant evidence is from a series of experimental studies of how speakers understand quantificational expressions like ‘most’. I’ll connect these studies with a broader conception of meaning that is independ ently motivated by the ubiquitous phenomena of lexical polysemy.\nBackgroun d Reading\n - “Interface transparency and the psychosemantics of most”, Jef frey Lidz, Paul Pietroski, Justin Halberda, and Tim Hunter, Natural Languag e Semantics (2011) 19:227–256. (images/downloads/Lidz_et._al_2011.pdf)\n - Precis for For Conjoining Meanings, Paul Piet roski (OUP, 2018)Paul Pietroski (OUP, 2018)Human children regularly acq uire languages that connect meanings with pronunciations in distinctive way s. These meanings are often described as sets of “external things” that are independent of the mental capacities that humans employ in understanding l inguistic expressions. For example, linguists and philosophers often propos e theories according to which the meaning of ‘grey rabbit’ is a certain set of rabbits, or a function that maps the relevant rabbits to a certain trut h value, or a function that maps each possible world to a function that map s the relevant rabbits at that world to a certain truth value. On these vie ws—explicitly formulated in standard textbooks—the meanings of ‘most’ and ‘ jumped’ are also sets of some kind, and a sentence like ‘Most of the grey r abbits jumped’ is said to have a truth condition that can be specified in t erms of the rabbits and events of jumping that speakers talk about in vario us ways. In the talk, I’ll discuss several reasons for rejecting such views in favor of an idea whose roots can be found in Chomsky’s work, going back to 1957: meanings (and pronunciations) are more like composable instructio ns that can be executed by certain performance systems. Some of the relevan t evidence is from a series of experimental studies of how speakers underst and quantificational expressions like ‘most’. I’ll connect these studies wi th a broader conception of meaning that is independently motivated by the u biquitous phenomena of lexical polysemy. X-ALT-DESC;FMTTYPE=text/html:
NOTE: Please turn up your volum e as the sound level is low.
Human children regularly acquire languages that connect meanings with pronunciations in distinctive ways. These meanings ar e often described as sets of “external things” that are independent of the mental capacities that humans employ in understanding linguistic expression s. For example, linguists and philosophers often propose theories according to which the meaning of ‘grey rabbit’ is a certain set of rabbits, or a fu nction that maps the relevant rabbits to a certain truth value, or a functi on that maps each possible world to a function that maps the relevant rabbi ts at that world to a certain truth value. On these views—explicitly formul ated in standard textbooks—the meanings of ‘most’ and ‘jumped’ are also set s of some kind, and a sentence like ‘Most of the grey rabbits jumped’ is sa id to have a truth condition that can be specified in terms of the rabbits and events of jumping that speakers talk about in various ways. In the talk, I’ll discuss several reasons for rejecting such views in favor of an idea whose roots can be found in Chomsky’s work, going back to 1957: me anings (and pronunciations) are more like composable instructions that can be executed by certain performance systems. Some of the relevant evidence i s from a series of experimental studies of how speakers understand quantifi cational expressions like ‘most’. I’ll connect these studies with a broader conception of meaning that is independently motivated by the ubiquitous ph enomena of lexical polysemy.